My research focused on discovering if there is a correlation between elevation and the density of mountain roses (Eryngium proteiflorum). In my hypothesis, I ventured that it’s due to the plant’s preference for high incident light. However, I now believe it is much too simplistic, and many more factors favor E. proteiflorum development at high elevation.
During my literature review, I found that E. proteiflorum is considered tropical alpine vegetation, which is why it thrives at such high elevations. In addition, I found that this plant is endemic to the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt (where my area of study is located) and grows only at the top of some of the tallest mountains (as high as 4,500 m). It has evolved to survive in the harsh conditions found on mountaintops like intense sunlight, desert-like temperature variability, low moisture, powerful winds, and low O2 and CO2.
The fact that E. proteiflorum can only grow on the top of mountains makes its distribution akin to living on islands. It makes you wonder how it has conquered such far away areas. Especially since its dispersal appears to be vegetative since it grows in clumps. Possibly during the ice age, its territory was contagious, and as the earth warmed and the tree line grew to higher elevation, the mountain roses’ territory shrunk. Currently, E. proteiflorum is considered endangered and is protected under Mexican law, and I can see why since rising temperatures threaten to reduce its territory even more. This plant is considered medicinal for some indigenous people in Mexico and there could be an active substance that explains its usage, more studies are needed before it disappears.
Possible key words: Elevation gradient, tropical alpine vegetation, Eryngium proteiflorum, endemic species, Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt