Mohan Mill area is the community being observed in the following. The technique that was most efficient in terms of time spent sampling was the random sampling technique. The random sampling technique took 12 hours and 40 minutes. The systematic sampling technique took 13 hours and six minutes and the hazardous sampling technique took 12 hours and 51 minutes. For systematic sampling of the red maple, the estimated density value was 415.4 and the true value was 403.7. For a random sampling of the red maple, the estimated density value was 400 and the true value was 403.7. For a hazardous sampling of true maple, the estimated density value was 450 and the true density value was 403.7. For the chestnut oak, the true density value was 82.9 and for systematic the estimated density value was 84.6, for random it was 129.2 and for hazardous it was 54,2. Easter Hemlock had a true density value of 45.6. The systematic sample estimated density value was 180.8, the random sample estimated density value was 70.8, and for hazardous it was 187.5. White ash’s true density value is 0.8 and for both systematic and random sampling, the estimated value was 0. For hazardous sampling, the estimated value was 8.3. White pine has a true density value of 12.8. The systematic sampling estimated density value was 19.2, random was 45.8, and hazardous was 4.2. Sweet birch has a true density value of 1.2. The systematic sampling estimated density value is 3.8, and random and hazardous are 0. The most accurate sampling strategy for the common species was random sampling, with an average percentage error of 28.58%. The most accurate sampling strategy for the rarest species was hazardous sampling, with an average percentage error of 368.23%. Accuracy certainly changes with species abundance. The least abundant species have bigger percentages of errors than the abundant species. If we were only looking to gather information on the most common species, 24 data points would give an accurate estimate. However, 24 data points would not be enough to accurately estimate the rare species.
Most common species (Red Maple):
Percentage error, systematic = 2.89%
Percentage error, random = 0.92%
Percentage error, haphazard = 11.47%
Most common species (Chestnut Oak):
Percentage error, systematic = 2.05%
Percentage error, random = 55.85%
Percentage error, haphazard = 34.62%
Most common species (Eastern Hemlock):
Percentage error, systematic = 80.8%
Percentage error, random = 29.2%
Percentage error, haphazard= 311.18%
Least common species (White Ash):
Percentage error, systematic= 100%
Percentage error, random = 100%
Percentage error, haphazard = 937.5%
Least common species (White Pine):
Percentage error, systematic = 50%
Percentage error, random = 257.8%
Percentage error, haphazard = 67.19%
Least common species (Sweet Birch):
Percentage error, systematic = 216.67%
Percentage error, random= 100%
Percentage error, haphazard = 100%